Phytochemical screening, UPLC analysis, evaluation of synergistic antioxidant and antibacterial efficacy of three medicinal plants used in Kinshasa, D.R. Congo (2025)

Phytochemical profiling and antioxidant potentiality of medicinal plants along with their antibacterial efficacy

Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Experimental Therapeutics, 2019

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to explore phytochemical profiling, antioxidant and antibacterial activity of four medicinal plants including Catharanthus roseus, Aegle marmelos, Moringa oleifera, and Ageratum conyzoids grown in Sylhet district, Bangladesh. In this study, total 11 phytochemicals were screened from methanol extract of four medicinal plants, wherein flavonoid, tannin, sterol, phenol were present in all four medicinal plants. In vitro, antioxidant activity of these medicinal plants extract was investigated by DPPH-radical scavenging assay. The Aegle marmelos exhibited the highest antioxidant activity followed by Moringa oleifera, Ageratum conyzoids, and Catharanthus roseus extract. Methanolic extracts of same medicinal plants were subjected to a test of their antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp., Pseudomonas sp .and Salmonella sp. by agar disc diffusion method. The highest antibacterial potential was observed in the extract of Aegle marmelos against Salmonella sp. followed by Catharanthus roseus against Pseudomonas sp .with zone of inhibition of 18.67 mm, 15.0 mm, respectively. This study confirmed the efficacy of some native medicinal plants extract as potential source of phytochemicals, along with natural antioxidant and antimicrobials, which provide new possibilities to employing them against disease causing test organisms.

Phytochemical analysis and comprehensive evaluation of antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of 61 medicinal plant species

Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 2015

Please cite this article as: N. Akhtar, I-u. Haq, B. Mirza, Phytochemical analysis and comprehensive evaluation of antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of 61 medicinal plant species, Arabian Journal of Chemistry (2015), doi: http://dx.Abstract Plants are rich source of therapeutic compounds that have tremendous applications in pharmaceutical industry. To find new sources of antimicrobial and antioxidant agents, methanol/chloroform and aqueous extracts of 61 medicinal plants were evaluated systematically. Antimicrobial activity was assessed against six bacterial and five fungal strains, while natural antioxidants were studied by using reducing power (RP), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay. Six plants exhibited broad spectrum antibacterial activity while two exerted significant antifungal activity. Total phenolic content (TPC) of the samples varied from 20.2 -85.6 mg /g dry weight (DW) in M/C extracts and 5.5 -62.1 mg /g DW in aq. extracts, expressed as gallic acid equivalents (GAE). Total flavonoid content (TFC) varied from 2.9 -44.5 mg quercitin equivalent (QE) /g DW of sample 2 for M/C extracts and 2.4 -37.1 mg QE /g DW for aq. extracts. The results showed that antioxidant activities of plant species varied to a great extent not only among extracts (M/C and aq.) but also between the assays used for antioxidant evaluation. Significant linear correlation (p < 0.01) of TPC with antioxidant activities suggested their contribution to antioxidant activity. Using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD), gallic acid and rutin were detected in most of plant extracts with significant antioxidant activities. Study identifies plants with antimicrobial and antioxidant properties which could be used for isolation of desired therapeutic compounds and to develop infusions, nutriceuticals and pharmaceuticals. Samples of 61 medicinal plants were collected from different areas of Pakistan and identified by Professor Dr. Rizwana Aleem Qureshi, Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad. Voucher specimens were submitted to the herbarium of Quaid-i-Azam University for future reference. The plants were selected on the basis of local use of these plants in folk medicine.

The Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Effects of Seven Underexplored Medicinal Herbs were Evaluated

IRJET, 2022

Plants have a wealth of medicinal chemicals with vast potential in the pharmaceutical sector. The purpose of this research was to determine which phytochemicals were present in the seven medicinal plants chosen for this study, as well as to determine whether or not these plants have any antibacterial or antioxidant properties. Methods. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents, as well as the results of a standard phytochemical screen, were calculated. The antioxidant activity of plant extracts was determined using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl (OH), and nitric oxide (NO) radical scavenging assays. The broth microdilution technique was used to test the plant extracts for antibacterial activity. Phenols, flavonoids, and steroids were found in every plant extract analyzed by phytochemical methods. The extract of Psychotria peduncularis showed the highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents (5.57 •} 0.22 mg GAE/g and 1.38 •} 0.06 mg QE/g, respectively). The IC50 values for DPPH radical scavenging and NO radical scavenging ranged from 0.55 to 49.43 g/mL and 0.65 to 13.7 g/mL, respectively, indicating that all plant extracts exhibited extremely significant antioxidant activity. With MIC values ranging from 16 to 1024 g/mL, extracts of both Tristemma Mauritian rum and P. peduncularis showed potent antibacterial activity. Extracts of T. Mauritian rum were bactericidal against all species examined. There was substantial antifungal activity (MIC 64 g/mL) observed between Candida albicans and extracts of Alsophila Marianna and P. peduncular. Our research suggests that the screened extracts of medicinal plants might be employed as resources for the creation of novel medications, namely as antioxidant and antibacterial agents.

Analysis of phenolic compounds, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of some endemic medicinal plants

International Journal of Secondary Metabolite, 2018

This study was designed to evaluate the phenolic compounds and the in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Onobrychis nitida, Hedysarum cappadocicum, Ebenus laguroides and Ebenus macrophylla which are medicinal plants and endemic for the flora of Turkey. The RP-HPLC-DAD (reverse phasehigh performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector) was used to evaluate the phenolic contents. The antioxidant properties were determined to use total phenolic content (TPC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and DPPH• radical scavenging activity assays. Antibacterial tests were performed against 11 different microorganisms by using the microwell dilution method. Each of the plant extracts were confirmed by bioactive assays which demonstrated a significant activity due to different chemical characteristics. Especially, rutin was the dominant component in Ebenus species with 19.434-11.808 mg phenolic/g extract. While the highest phenolic content (101.73 mg gallic acid equivalent/g extract) was observed in O. nitida, the highest FRAP value was in E. laguroides (719.09 μM FeSO4.7H2O equivalent), and the strongest DPPH degree was in the E. macrophylla extract with IC50: 69.45 μg/mL, respectively. Although plant extracts didn't have efficient values for antimicrobial activity, the slight effect was arisen in O. nitida against B. subtilis and S. aureus. The results showed that all the extracts could be used in pharmacological or dietary applications due to their valuable properties.

Study of Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Content, Antioxidant Activity and Antimicrobial Properties of Medicinal Plants

The anti-oxidant activity and total phenolic content of alcoholic extracts from seven medicinal plants (Asparagus racemosus, Ocimum sanctum, Cassia fistula, Piper betel, Citrus aurantifolia, Catharanthus roseus, and Polyalthia longifolia) were evaluated by using a model system consisting of β-carotene, DPPH free radical and Folin-Ciocalteu method. The total Phenolic content of the extracts was determined spectrophotometrically according to the Folin-Ciocalteu procedure and ranged from 366mg/100g to 212 mg/100g on fresh weight basis. The total flavanoid content of extracts determined by Aluminium chloride colorimetric assay and ranged from 39.84mg/100g to 15.94mg/100g of fresh weight. The highest antioxidant activity was demonstrated by Citrus auantifolia (87.05%) followed by Ocimum sanctum (81.80%) and Catharanthus roseus (71.4%). The highest tannin content was found to be in Catharanthus roseus (7.14%) while in case of anthocyanin content the highest value was found to be in Polyalthia longifolia (0.65mg/l). As far as antimicrobial activity is concerned, Ocimum sanctum and Citrus aurantifolia were found to be most potent against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus whereas Piper betel showed no effect. Except Piper betel all the extracts were able to inhibit the two bacterial strains and the zone of inhibitions ranged from 19.6 mm to 13.5 mm. The minimum inhibitory concentration against E. coli in case of Ocimum sanctum is 10% and against S. aureus it is 20% while in case of Citrus aurantifolia extracts were active even at 10% concentration for E. coli and 15% for S. aureus.

Evaluation of Phytochemical, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Selected Medicinal Plants

2021

Medicinal plants are important reservoirs of bioactive compounds that need to be explored systematically. Because of their chemical diversity, natural products provide limitless possibilities for new drug discovery. This study aimed to investigate the biochemical properties of crude extracts from fifteen Nepalese medicinal plants. The total phenolic contents (TPC), total flavonoid contents (TFC), and antioxidant activity were evaluated through a colorimetric approach while the antibacterial activities were studied through the measurement of the zone of inhibition (ZoI) by agar well diffusion method along with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) by broth dilution method. The methanolic extracts of Acacia catechu and Eupoterium adenophorum showed the highest TPC (55.21 ± 11.09 mg GAE/gm) and TFC (10.23 ± 1.07 mg QE/gm) among the studied plant extracts. Acacia catechu showed effective antioxidant properties with an IC50 value of 1.3 μg/mL, followed by extracts of Myrica esculenta, ...

Comparative study of the in vitro phytochemicals and antimicrobial potential of six medicinal plants

F1000Research

Background: This study sought to investigate the antimicrobial activity of six plants used in traditional medicine in Africa. Methods: The antimicrobial activity of the six medicinal plant extracts (aqueous and ethanol) were evaluated against Proteus mirabilis (ATCC 21784), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC27856) were Aspergillus fumigatus using the agar-well diffusion protocol. The activities of these extracts were compared with the positive controls chloramphenicol and griseofulvin. Similarly, the phytochemicals from the extracts were qualitatively assayed and their percentage yield calculated by standard methods. Results: The bacterial organisms used, P. mirabilis and P. aeruginosa, were slightly-to-highly susceptible to aqueous and ethanolic extracts from the various test plants, while A. fumigatus was insensitive to the treatments. The ethanolic extracts of the sampled plants showed superior inhibitory performance on the target bacteria to the aqueous extracts. Aqueous and ethanolic...

Comparative study of the phytochemicals and in vitro antimicrobial potential of six medicinal plants

2019

This study sought to investigate the antimicrobial activity of sixBackground: plants used in traditional medicine in Africa. The antimicrobial activity of the six medicinal plant extracts (aqueousMethods: and ethanol) were evaluated against (ATCC 21784), Proteus mirabilis (ATCC27856) were using thePseudomonas aeruginosa Aspergillus fumigatus agar-well diffusion protocol. The activities of these extracts were compared with the positive controls chloramphenicol and griseofulvin. Similarly, the phytochemicals from the extracts were qualitatively assayed and their percentage yield calculated by standard methods. The bacterial organisms used, and , wereResults: P. mirabilis P. aeruginosa slightly-to-highly susceptible to aqueous and ethanolic extracts from the various test plants, while was insensitive to the treatments. The ethanolic A. fumigatus extracts of the sampled plants showed superior inhibitory performance on the target bacteria to the aqueous extracts. Aqueous and eth...

Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Activity Evaluation of Selected Medicinal Plants in Ethiopia

Journal of Experimental Pharmacology

The emergence and spread of resistant microbes continue to be a major public health concern. Effective treatment alternatives, particularly from traditionally used medicinal plants, are needed. Objective: The main objective of this study was to conduct phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity evaluation of selected traditionally used medicinal plants in Ethiopia. Methods: The ethnomedicinal use value frequency index (FI) was used to select twelve medicinal plants. Phytochemical classes of compounds were screened using different standard methods. Anti-microbial activities of plant extracts were evaluated against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. Minimum inhibitory concentrations were measured using the broth micro-dilution method. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0 and the findings were presented descriptively and using non parametric one-way ANOVA analysis (Kruskal-Wallis/Ddunn's test). Results: The phytochemical constituents identified were flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, phenols, saponins, steroids, and terpenoids, with flavonoids, alkaloids, and phenols being the most abundant. The crude extracts and chloroform fractions of the extracts showed an activity against the tested strains. The crude extract of Thalictrum rhynchocarpum Quart.-Dill. and A.Rich root demonstrated superior activity against all the tested strains with the lowest minimum inhibitory concentrations of 0.48 μg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli; 0.98 μg/mL against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa; and 3.90 μg/mL against Candida albicans, which are even better than the reference drug, gentamicin and clotrimazole. Conclusion: The majority of evaluated medicinal plants demonstrated remarkable activity against tested microbial strains, which can be attributed to the presence of secondary metabolites of different classes of compounds. The finding provided scientific evidence for the use of these traditionally used medicinal plants.

Antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of five medicinal Libyan plants extracts

Natural Science, 2012

Retama rateam were selected to evaluate their biological activities. Their total phenolic and flavanoid contents were assessed. The antioxidant activity was estimated using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) as free radical scavenger. Their crude extracts showed reducing potential proportional to their concentration. The correlation coefficient (R 2 ) between antioxidant activity and their total phenolics and flavanoids content is 0.77 and 0.98 respectively. Crude aqueous, methanolic as well as alkaloids extracts of the five plants were tested against a number of G+ve and G-ve sensitive resistant (e.g MRSA) bacteria beside some fungal species. The aqueous extracts displayed weak antibacterial activity whereas methanolic extracts were profoundly effective against both G+ve and G-ve bacteria. The extracts of E. serrata and H. scoparia were highly effective against E. coli in particular. The alkaloid-rich extracts of H. albus and H. scoparia induced remarkable bacteriostatic and fungistatic effects. The bioactive ingredients of H. scoparia, E. serrata and R. rateam extracts are shown to be potential sources of natural antioxidant and antimicrobial ingredients favoring their possible use in industrial pharmacology on large scale.